💥 Replace exec-path-from-shell w/ 'bin/doom env'

IMPORTANT: This is a breaking update for Mac users, as your shell
environment will no longer be inherited correctly (with the removal of
exec-path-from-shell). The quick fix is: 'bin/doom env refresh'. Also,
the set-env! autodef now does nothing (and is deprecated), be sure to
remove calls to it in your config.

Smaller changes:
+ This update also adds --no-* switches to doom quickstart
+ Includes general improvements to the documentation of several bin/doom
  commands.
+ Moves doom/reload* commands to core/autoload/config.el
+ doom/reload-project has been removed (it didn't actually do anything)

The breaking change:
This update adds an "envvar file" to Doom Emacs. This file is generated
by `doom env refresh`, populated with variables scraped from your shell
environment (from both non-interactive and interactive sessions). This
file is then (inexpensively) loaded at startup, if it exists.

+ The file is manually generated with `doom env refresh`.
+ It can be regenerated automatically whenever `doom refresh` is run by
  running `doom env enable` (`doom env clear` will reverse this and
  delete the env file).
+ `doom quickstart` will ask if you want to auto-generate this envvar
  file. You won't need it if you're confident Emacs will always be
  started from the correct environment, however.
+ Your env file can be reloaded from a running Emacs session with `M-x
  doom/reload-env`. Note: this won't work if the Emacs session you're
  running it in doesn't have a correct SHELL set. i.e. don't use this to
  create your first env file!

The idea isn't mine -- it's borrowed from Spacemacs -- and was
introduced to me in #1053 by @yurimx. I was impressed with it. Prior to
this, I was unhappy with exec-path-from-shell (no hate to the dev, I
understand its necessity), and 'doom patch-macos' wasn't ideal for mac
users (needed to be reapplied every time you update Emacs). What's more,
many users (even Linux users) had to install exec-path-from-shell
anyway.

This solution suffers from none of their shortcomings. More reliable
than patch-macos, more performant and complete than
exec-path-from-shell, and easily handled by bin/doom.

core/autoload/config.el

@@ -1,5 +1,9 @@
 ;;; core/autoload/config.el -*- lexical-binding: t; -*-
 
+;;;###autoload
+(defvar doom-reloading-p nil
+  "TODO")
+
 ;;;###autoload
 (defun doom/open-private-config ()
   "TODO"
@@ -14,25 +18,70 @@
   (interactive)
   (doom-project-find-file doom-private-dir))
 
+;;;###autoload
+(defun doom/open-env ()
+  "TODO"
+  (interactive)
+  (when (and (not (file-exists-p doom-env-file))
+             (y-or-n-p "User doesn't have an envvar file, generate one?"))
+    (doom/reload-env))
+  (find-file doom-env-file))
+
 ;;;###autoload
 (defun doom/reload (&optional force-p)
-  "Reloads your config. This is experimental!
+  "Reloads your private config.
 
-If called from a noninteractive session, this will try to communicate with a
-live server (if one is found) to tell it to run this function.
+This is experimental! It will try to do as `bin/doom refresh' does, but from
+within this Emacs session. i.e. it reload autoloads files (if necessary),
+reloads your package list, and lastly, reloads your private config.el.
 
-If called from an interactive session, tries to reload autoloads files (if
-necessary), reinistalize doom (via `doom-initialize') and reloads your private
-init.el and config.el. Then runs `doom-reload-hook'."
+Runs `doom-reload-hook' afterwards."
   (interactive "P")
   (require 'core-cli)
-  (doom-reload-autoloads force-p)
-  (setq load-path doom-site-load-path)
-  (let (doom-init-p)
-    (doom-initialize))
-  (with-demoted-errors "PRIVATE CONFIG ERROR: %s"
-    (doom-initialize-modules 'force))
-  (when (bound-and-true-p doom-packages)
-    (doom/reload-packages))
-  (run-hook-wrapped 'doom-reload-hook #'doom-try-run-hook)
+  (let ((doom-reloading-p t))
+    (when (getenv "DOOMENV")
+      (doom-reload-env-file 'force))
+    (doom-reload-autoloads force-p)
+    (setq load-path doom-site-load-path)
+    (let (doom-init-p)
+      (doom-initialize))
+    (with-demoted-errors "PRIVATE CONFIG ERROR: %s"
+      (doom-initialize-modules 'force))
+    (when (bound-and-true-p doom-packages)
+      (doom/reload-packages))
+    (run-hook-wrapped 'doom-reload-hook #'doom-try-run-hook))
   (message "Finished!"))
+
+;;;###autoload
+(defun doom/reload-env ()
+  "Regenerates and reloads your shell environment.
+
+Uses the same mechanism as 'bin/doom env reload'."
+  (interactive)
+  (compile (format "%s env refresh" (expand-file-name "bin/doom" doom-emacs-dir)))
+  (while compilation-in-progress
+    (sit-for 1))
+  (unless (file-readable-p doom-env-file)
+    (error "Failed to generate env file"))
+  (load-env-vars doom-env-file))
+
+;;;###autoload
+(defun doom/reload-font ()
+  "Reload `doom-font', `doom-variable-pitch-font', and `doom-unicode-font', if
+set."
+  (interactive)
+  (when doom-font
+    (set-frame-font doom-font t))
+  (doom|init-fonts))
+
+;;;###autoload
+(defun doom/reload-theme ()
+  "Reset the current color theme and fonts."
+  (interactive)
+  (let ((theme (or (car-safe custom-enabled-themes) doom-theme)))
+    (when theme
+      (mapc #'disable-theme custom-enabled-themes))
+    (when (and doom-theme (not (memq doom-theme custom-enabled-themes)))
+      (let (doom--prefer-theme-elc)
+        (load-theme doom-theme t)))
+    (doom|init-fonts)))

core/autoload/debug.el

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ ready to be pasted in a bug report on github."
              "- System features: %s\n"
              "- Details:\n"
              "  ```elisp\n"
+             "  env bootstrapper: %s\n"
              "  elc count: %s\n"
              "  uname -a:  %s\n"
              "  modules:   %s\n"
@@ -36,6 +37,8 @@ ready to be pasted in a bug report on github."
          "n/a")
      (display-graphic-p) (daemonp)
      (bound-and-true-p system-configuration-features)
+     (cond ((file-exists-p doom-env-file) 'envvar-file)
+           ((featurep 'exec-path-from-shell) 'exec-path-from-shell))
      ;; details
      (length (doom-files-in `(,@doom-modules-dirs
                               ,doom-core-dir

core/autoload/projects.el

@@ -28,15 +28,6 @@ they are absolute."
 ;;
 ;; Commands
 
-;;;###autoload
-(defun doom/reload-project ()
-  "Reload the project root cache."
-  (interactive)
-  (projectile-invalidate-cache nil)
-  (setq-default projectile-project-root nil)
-  (dolist (fn projectile-project-root-files-functions)
-    (remhash (format "%s-%s" fn default-directory) projectile-project-root-cache)))
-
 ;;;###autoload
 (defun doom/find-file-in-other-project (project-root)
   "Preforms `projectile-find-file' in a known project of your choosing."

core/autoload/ui.el

@@ -81,18 +81,6 @@ See `display-line-numbers' for what these values mean."
                (`nil "disabled")
                (_ (symbol-name next))))))
 
-;;;###autoload
-(defun doom/reload-theme ()
-  "Reset the current color theme and fonts."
-  (interactive)
-  (let ((theme (or (car-safe custom-enabled-themes) doom-theme)))
-    (when theme
-      (mapc #'disable-theme custom-enabled-themes))
-    (when (and doom-theme (not (memq doom-theme custom-enabled-themes)))
-      (let (doom--prefer-theme-elc)
-        (load-theme doom-theme t)))
-    (doom|init-fonts)))
-
 ;;;###autoload
 (defun doom/delete-frame ()
   "Delete the current frame, but ask for confirmation if it isn't empty."
@@ -161,15 +149,6 @@ windows (unlike `doom/window-maximize-buffer') Activate again to undo."
     (while (ignore-errors (windmove-up)) (delete-window))
     (while (ignore-errors (windmove-down)) (delete-window))))
 
-;;;###autoload
-(defun doom/reload-font ()
-  "Reload `doom-font', `doom-variable-pitch-font', and `doom-unicode-font', if
-set."
-  (interactive)
-  (when doom-font
-    (set-frame-font doom-font t))
-  (doom|init-fonts))
-
 ;;;###autoload
 (defun doom/set-frame-opacity (opacity)
   "Interactively change the current frame's opacity.